Theaflavins (TFs)naThearubigins (TRs)ni amatsinda abiri atandukanye y’ibinyabutabire bya polyphenolic biboneka mu cyayi cy’umukara, buri kimwe gifite imiterere n’imiterere yihariye. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibi binyabutabire ni ingenzi kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uruhare rwabyo ku miterere n’inyungu z’icyayi cy’umukara ku buzima. Iyi nkuru igamije gutanga ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku itandukaniro riri hagati ya Theaflavins na Thearubigins, bishyigikiwe n’ibimenyetso byavuye mu bushakashatsi bujyanye n’ibyo.
Theaflavins na thearubigins byombi ni flavonoids zigira uruhare mu ibara, uburyohe, n'umubiri w'icyayi.Theaflavins ni umuhondo cyangwa umutuku, naho thearubigins ni umutuku n'umukaraTheaflavins ni flavonoids za mbere zigaragara mu gihe cyo gushyushya, mu gihe thearubigins zigaragara nyuma. Theaflavins zigira uruhare mu gutuma icyayi gikomera, kikagira urumuri, kandi kigakomera, mu gihe thearubigins zigira uruhare mu gukomera no kumva neza mu kanwa.
Theaflavins ni ubwoko bw'ibinyabutabire bya polyphenolic bigira uruhare mu ibara, uburyohe, no guteza imbere ubuzima bw'icyayi cy'umukara. Bikorwa binyuze mu kugabanya oxidative ya catechins mu gihe cyo guhisha amababi y'icyayi. Theaflavins izwiho ingaruka zo kurwanya oxidative no kurwanya ububyimbirwe, ibyo bikaba byarafitanye isano n'inyungu zitandukanye ku buzima, harimo kurinda umutima, kurwanya kanseri, ndetse n'ingaruka zishobora kurwanya gusaza.
Ku rundi ruhande,Thearubiginsni ibintu binini bya polyphenolic bikomoka no ku gushonga kwa polyphenols z'icyayi mu gihe cyo guhisha amababi y'icyayi. Bituma icyayi cy'umukara kiba gifite ibara ryinshi ritukura n'uburyohe bwacyo. Thearubigins zagiye zikoreshwa mu kurwanya antioxidant, kurwanya ububyimbirwe, no kurinda uruhu, bigatuma ziba ingingo y'ingenzi mu bijyanye no kurwanya gusaza no kwita ku ruhu.
Mu rwego rwa shimi, Theaflavins zitandukanye na Thearubigins mu miterere ya molekile zabo n'imiterere yazo. Theaflavins ni imvange ya dimeric, bivuze ko uruvange rw'ibice bibiri bito bizigize, mu gihe Thearubigins ari imvange nini ya polymeric ikomoka kuri polymerization ya flavonoids zitandukanye mu gihe cyo guhinga icyayi. Uku kutagira aho guhuriye mu miterere bigira uruhare mu bikorwa byazo bitandukanye bya biyolojiya ndetse n'ingaruka zishobora kubagiraho ku buzima.
| Theaflavins | Thearubigins | |
| Ibara | Umuhondo cyangwa ibara ry'umutuku | Umutuku-umukara |
| Umusanzu mu cyayi | Ubushyuhe, urumuri, n'ubushyuhe | Imbaraga n'uburyo bwo kumva mu kanwa |
| Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire | Byasobanuwe neza | Ntaho bihuriye kandi ntibizwi |
| Ijanisha ry'uburemere bwumye mu cyayi cy'umukara | 1–6% | 10–20% |
Theaflavins ni itsinda ry'ingenzi ry'ibinyabutabire bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma ubwiza bw'icyayi cy'umukara. Igipimo cya theaflavins na thearubigins (TF:TR) kigomba kuba hagati ya 1:10 na 1:12 ku cyayi cy'umukara cyiza. Igihe cyo guhinga ni ikintu gikomeye mu kubungabunga igipimo cya TF:TR.
Theaflavins na thearubigins ni ibintu byihariye bikomoka kuri catechins mu gihe cyo gukora icyayi mu gihe cyo gukora. Theaflavins zitanga ibara ry'umuhondo cyangwa orange ku cyayi kandi zigatanga ibyiyumvo byo kumva mu kanwa no gukora cream. Ni ibintu bivanze bifite imiterere ya benzotropolone ikorwa bivuye ku guhuza catechins ebyiri zatoranijwe. Oxidation y'impeta ya B ya (−)-epigallocatechin cyangwa (−)-epigallocatechin gallate ikurikirwa no kubura CO2 no guhuzwa icyarimwe n'impeta ya B ya (−)-epicatechin cyangwa (−)-epicatechin gallate molecule (Ishusho ya 12.2). Theaflavins enye zikomeye zabonetse mu cyayi cy'umukara: theaflavin, theaflavin-3-monogallate, theaflavin-3′-monogallate, na theaflavin-3,3′-digallate. Byongeye kandi, stereoisomers zazo n'ibikomokaho bishobora kuboneka. Vuba aha, hagaragaye ko hari trigallate ya theaflavin na tetragallate mu cyayi cy’umukara (Chen et al., 2012). Theaflavins zishobora kongera gukurwamo oxidation. Birashoboka ko ari na zo zibanziriza ikorwa rya thearubigins za polymeric. Ariko, uburyo bwo gukora reaction ntabwo buzwi kugeza ubu. Thearubigins ni ibara ry’umutuku-umukara cyangwa ibara ry’umukara wijimye mu cyayi cy’umukara, ingano yabyo igera kuri 60% by’uburemere bw’icyayi cyumye.
Ku bijyanye n'inyungu ku buzima, Theaflavins zakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku ruhare rwazo mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw'umutima n'imitsi. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko Theaflavins zishobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol, kunoza imikorere y'imitsi y'amaraso, no kugira ingaruka ku bubyimba, byose bikaba ingirakamaro ku buzima bw'umutima n'imitsi. Byongeye kandi, Theaflavins zagaragaje ko zishobora kubuza ikura ry'uturemangingo twa kanseri kandi zishobora kuba zifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya diyabete.
Ku rundi ruhande, Thearubigins zagiye zifitanye isano n’ingaruka za antioxydant na anti-inflammatory, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu kurwanya stress ya oxidative na inflammatory mu mubiri. Izi ngaruka zishobora kugira uruhare mu ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kurwanya gusaza no kurinda uruhu rwa Thearubigins, bigatuma zishishikazwa n’ubushakashatsi ku ruhu no ku birebana n’imyaka.
Mu gusoza, Theaflavins na Thearubigins ni ibintu bitandukanye bya polyphenolic biboneka mu cyayi cy’umukara, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye y’ibinyabutabire n’inyungu zishobora kubaho ku buzima. Nubwo Theaflavins yahujwe n’ubuzima bw’umutima n’imitsi, imiterere irwanya kanseri, n’ingaruka zishobora kugaragara ku ndwara ya diyabete, Thearubigins yahujwe n’imiterere irwanya antioxydants, irwanya ububyimbirwe, kandi irinda uruhu, bigatuma iba ingingo y’ingenzi mu bushakashatsi ku kurwanya gusaza no kwita ku ruhu.
Amareferensi:
Hamilton-Miller JM. Imiterere y'icyayi irwanya mikorobe (Camellia sinensis L.). Imiti irwanya mikorobe ikoreshwa mu kurwanya indwara ya Chimother. 1995;39(11):2375-2377.
Khan N, Mukhtar H. Polyphenols z'icyayi mu guteza imbere ubuzima. Life Sci. 2007;81(7):519-533.
Mandel S, Youdim MB. Polyphenols za Catechin: kwangirika kw'imitsi no kurinda ubwonko mu ndwara zakwangirika kw'imitsi. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004;37(3):304-17.
Jochmann N, Baumann G, Stangl V. Icyayi kibisi n'indwara z'umutima n'imitsi: kuva ku ntego za molekile zigana ku buzima bw'abantu. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2008;11(6):758-765.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Gicurasi-11-2024
