Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya anthocyanines na proanthocyanidins?

Anthocyaninesni ibimera bishonga mu mazi biri mu itsinda ry’ibinyabutabire bya flavonoid. Bitanga amabara y’umutuku, umuhengeri, n’ubururu mu mbuto nyinshi, imboga n’indabyo. Anthocyanins zikunze kuboneka mu biribwa birimo imbuto (nk’amabara y’ubururu, inkeri, n’amabara y’umukara), amashu atukura, imizabibu itukura, n’ibirayi. Anthocyanins izwiho ubushobozi bwo kurwanya udukoko, bufasha kurinda uturemangingo kwangirika guterwa na radicals zidafite ishingiro. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko anthocyanins zishobora kugira akamaro ku buzima, nko kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z’umutima n’imitsi, kunoza imikorere y’ubwonko, no kurinda ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri.

Ku rundi ruhande,proanthocyanidineni ubwoko bw'ibinyabutabire bya flavonoid bizwi kandi nka condensed tannins. Biboneka mu biryo bitandukanye bikomoka ku bimera, harimo imizabibu, pome, kakao, n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'imbuto. Proanthocyanidins izwiho ubushobozi bwo gufatana na poroteyine, ibi bikabaha inyungu zishobora kubaho mu buzima nko gushyigikira ubuzima bw'umutima n'imitsi, guteza imbere ubuzima bw'uruhu, no kurinda stress ya oxidative. Proanthocyanidins izwiho kandi uruhare rwayo mu guteza imbere ubuzima bw'inkari mu gukumira ko bagiteri zimwe na zimwe zifatana mu gice cy'inkari.

Imwe mu tandukaniro ry'ingenzi riri hagati ya anthocyanins na proanthocyanidin iri mu miterere yazo ya shimi. Anthocyanins ni glycosides za anthocyanidin, bivuze ko zigizwe na molekile ya anthocyanidin ifatanye na molekile y'isukari. Anthocyanidin ni ubwoko bwa aglycone bwa anthocyanins, bivuze ko ari igice kitari isukari cya molekile. Mu buryo bunyuranye, proanthocyanidin ni polymers za flavan-3-ols, zigizwe n'uduce twa catechin na epicatechin bihujwe. Iri tandukaniro ry'imiterere rigira uruhare mu ihinduka ry'imiterere yazo mu buryo bw'umubiri n'ubutabire, ndetse n'imikorere yazo mu buzima.

Irindi tandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati ya anthocyanine na proanthocyanidins ni uko zihoraho kandi ziboneka neza. Anthocyanine ni ibintu bidahinduka bishobora kwangirika byoroshye bitewe n'ibintu nk'ubushyuhe, urumuri, n'impinduka za pH. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kuboneka kwazo ndetse n'inyungu zishobora kubaho ku buzima. Ku rundi ruhande, proanthocyanidins zirahamye kandi zirwanya kwangirika, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ziboneka cyane kandi zigakora neza mu mubiri.

Ku bijyanye n'inyungu ku buzima, anthocyanines na proanthocyanidins byakoreweho ubushakashatsi ku ruhare rwabyo mu gukumira indwara zidakira no guteza imbere ubuzima muri rusange. Anthocyanines zagiye zikoreshwa mu kurwanya ububyimbirwe, kurwanya kanseri, no kurinda ubwonko, ndetse n'inyungu z'umutima n'amaraso nko kunoza imikorere y'imitsi y'amaraso no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara atherosclerosis. Proanthocyanidins zakoreweho ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo kurwanya antioxydants, kurwanya ububyimbirwe, no kurwanya mikorobe, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwazo bwo gushyigikira ubuzima bw'umutima n'amaraso, kunoza uruhu, no kurinda igabanuka ry'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza riterwa n'izabukuru.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ingaruka za anthocyanines na proanthocyanidins ku buzima zikomeje gukorwaho ubushakashatsi, kandi hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza uburyo zikora n'uburyo zishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura. Byongeye kandi, uburyo ibi bintu biboneka n'uburyo bitunganywa mu mubiri w'umuntu bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibintu nk'itandukaniro ry'umuntu ku giti cye, imiterere y'ibiribwa, n'uburyo bwo kubitunganya.

Mu gusoza, anthocyanines na proanthocyanidins ni ubwoko bubiri bw'ibimera bitanga inyungu zitandukanye ku buzima bitewe n'imiterere yabyo irwanya uburozi n'imikorere yabyo. Nubwo bisa bimwe mu bipimo byabyo ku bijyanye n'ingaruka zabyo ku burozi n'inyungu zishobora kubaho ku buzima, bifite itandukaniro rigaragara mu miterere yabyo, amasoko, uburyo bihagaze, no kuba biboneka mu mubiri. Gusobanukirwa imiterere yihariye y'ibi bimera bishobora kudufasha gusobanukirwa uruhare rwabyo mu guteza imbere ubuzima no gukumira indwara.

Amareferensi:
Wallace TC, Giusti MM. Anthocyanins. Adv Nutr. 2015;6(5):620-2.
Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Stohs SJ, n'abandi. Indabyo zikomoka ku bimera n'imbuto z'imizabibu zikomoka kuri proanthocyanidin: akamaro mu buzima bw'abantu no kwirinda indwara. Uburozi. 2000;148 (2-3):187-97.
Cassidy A, O'Reilly ÉJ, Kay C, n'abandi. Gukunda kurya ubwoko bwa flavonoids n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bantu bakuru. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(2):338-47.
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