Icyayi cy'umukara kizwiho uburyohe bwacyo bwiza kandi bukomeye, ni ikinyobwa gikunzwe cyane n'abantu benshi ku isi. Kimwe mu bintu bishishikaje by'icyayi cy'umukara ni ibara ryacyo ritukura iyo gitetse. Iyi nkuru igamije gusuzuma impamvu za siyansi zituma icyayi cy'umukara gitukura, ikagaragaza imikorere y'ibinyabutabire igira uruhare muri iki kintu.
Ibara ry'umutuku ry'icyayi cy'umukara rishobora guterwa no kuba hari ibintu byihariye bihinduka mu buryo bwa shimi mu gihe cyo gukora icyayi. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira uruhare mu ibara ry'umutuku ni thearubigins na theaflavins, bikomoka ku gushonga kwa polyphenols z'icyayi mu gihe cyo guhinga cyangwa gushonga icyayi cy'umukara.
Mu gihe cyo gukora icyayi cy’umukara, amababi y’icyayi akorerwa ibintu bitandukanye, birimo kuruma, gushonga, gushonga no kuma. Ni mu gihe cyo gushonga aho polyphenols z’icyayi, cyane cyane catechins, zikorerwa oxidation ya enzyme, biganisha ku iremwa rya thearubigins natheaflavinsIzi mvange nizo zituma icyayi cy’umukara kiba gifite ibara ryinshi ry’umutuku n’uburyohe bwacyo.
ThearubiginsBy’umwihariko, ni ibintu binini bya polyphenolic bifite ibara ry’umutuku n’umukara. Bikorwa binyuze mu gupima catechins n’izindi flavonoids ziba mu mababi y’icyayi. Ku rundi ruhande, Theaflavins ni ibintu bito bya polyphenolic bigira uruhare mu gutuma icyayi cyirabura kiba ibara ritukura.
Ibara ry'umutuku ry'icyayi cy'umukara rirushaho kwiyongera bitewe n'uko hari anthocyanine, ari zo rangi zishobora gushonga mu mazi ziboneka mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'icyayi. Izi rangi zishobora gutanga ibara ry'umutuku ku cyayi gitetse, bikongera ibara ryacyo muri rusange.
Uretse impinduka mu bya shimi ziba mu gihe cyo gutunganya icyayi, ibintu nk'ubwoko bw'icyayi, imiterere y'ubuhinzi, n'uburyo bwo gutunganya icyayi nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ibara ry'umutuku ry'icyayi cy'umukara. Urugero, urwego rw'ubushyuhe, igihe cyo guhinga, n'ubushyuhe amababi y'icyayi atunganywaho byose bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ibara rya nyuma ry'icyayi gitetse.
Muri make, ibara ry'umutuku ry'icyayi cy'umukara rikomoka ku mikoranire igoranye y'ibinyabutabire n'imikorere igize uruhare mu ikorwa ryacyo. Thearubigins, theaflavins, na anthocyanines ni byo bigira uruhare runini mu ibara ry'umutuku ry'icyayi cy'umukara, aho imiterere yabyo n'imikoranire yabyo mu gihe cyo gutunganya icyayi bitanga ibara n'uburyohe bw'iki kinyobwa gikundwa.
Amareferensi:
Gramza-Michałowska A. Infusions z'icyayi: Umurimo wazo wo kurwanya okisidasiyo hamwe n'imiterere ya phenolic. Ibiribwa. 2020;9(4): 507.
Jilani T, Iqbal M, Nadeem M, n'abandi. Gutunganya icyayi cy'umukara n'ubwiza bw'icyayi cy'umukara. J Food Sci Technol. 2018;55(11): 4109-4118.
Jumtee K, Komura H, Bamba T, Fukusaki E. Gupima icyayi kibisi cy’Abayapani hakurikijwe imiterere y’ibinyabutabire bya gaze chromatography/mass spectrometry-based hydrophilic metabolite metabolite. J Biosci Bioeng. 2011;111(3): 255-260.
Komes D, Horžić D, Belščak-Cvitanović A, n'abandi. Imiterere ya phenolic n'imiterere ya antioxydants by'ibimera bimwe na bimwe bikoreshwa mu buvuzi gakondo bigira ingaruka ku gihe cyo gukuramo no gushonga k'amazi. Phytochem Anal. 2011;22(2): 172-180.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-09-2024
