Amakuru - Mbega Antioxidant karemano—Igice cy'amababi ya Ginkgo!

I. Intangiriro

Intangiriro

Ni izihe nyungu ku buzima za ginkgo biloba extract powder (2)

Ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgoni ikintu karemano gikomoka ku mababi ya ginkgo. Ibice byayo by'ingenzi ni flavonoids na ginkgo lactones. Ni PAF yihariye (platelet-activating factor, platelet-activating factor) receptor antagonist. Ibikorwa byayo mu buvuzi birimo: kunoza imiyoboro y'amaraso mu bwonko no mu mikorere y'uturemangingo; kongera imikorere ya superoxide dismutase (SOD) na glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), no kugabanya lipide za peroxidized lipids (MDA) mu ruhu rw'uturemangingo. gukora, gukuraho radicals free, gukumira kwangirika kwa cardiomyocytes na cells endothelial; kurwanya byihariye platelets aggregation, micro thrombosis, na lipid metabolism disorders iterwa na platelets PAF; kunoza imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mutima no kurinda ischemic myocardium; Kongera ubushobozi bwo kwangirika kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, kugabanya viscosity y'amaraso, no gukuraho indwara za microcirculatory; kubuza thromboxane (TXA2) no gutuma prostaglandin PGI2 isohoka mu turemangingo twa endothelial.

Isoko y'ibimera

Ginkgo biloba ni ikibabi cya Ginkgo biloba L., ikimera cyo mu muryango wa Ginkgo. Imvange yayo (EGB) ifite imirimo itandukanye mu buvuzi kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu biribwa no mu kwisiga. Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire by'amababi ya Ginkgo iragoye cyane, hamwe n'ibintu birenga 140 byakuwemo. Flavonoids na terpene lactones ni byo bintu bibiri by'ingenzi bigize amababi ya Ginkgo. Byongeye kandi, irimo polyprenol, aside organic, polysaccharides, aside amine, phenols, na trace elements. Dukurikije imibare ituzuye, imvange mpuzamahanga y'amababi ya ginkgo isanzwe ni EGb761 ikorwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwa Schwabe bwo mu Budage. Igaragara nk'ifu y'umukara n'umuhondo kandi ifite impumuro nto y'amababi ya ginkgo. Ibigize imiti ni 24% bya flavonoids, 6% bya terpene lactones, munsi ya 0.0005% ya aside ginkgo, 7.0% ya proanthocyanidins, 13.0% ya aside karubokisilike, 2.0% ya catechins, 20% bya glycosides zitari flavonoids, na 4.0 polymer compounds. %, inorganic matter 5.0%, moisture solvent 3.0%, izindi 3.0%.

Imiterere n'uburyo Antioxydant ikoreshwa

Igicuruzwa cya Ginkgo gishobora gukuraho mu buryo butaziguye lipid free radicals, lipid peroxidation free radicals alkane free radicals, nibindi, no guhagarika free radical chain reaction chain. Muri icyo gihe, gishobora kandi kugenzura no kunoza imikorere ya enzymes antioxidant nka superoxide dismutase na glutathione peroxidase. Ingaruka za flavonoids muri EGB ziruta iza vitamine, kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya radicals zidafite free radicals muri vitro.

Ingaruka za antioxidant z’ibikomoka kuri ginkgo bivanwa mu buryo butandukanye ziratandukanye, kandi ingaruka za antioxidant z’ibikomoka kuri ginkgo n’ibikomoka ku bimera bitunganyijwe nazo ziratandukanye. Ma Xihan n’abandi basanze ibikomoka kuri peteroli ether-ethanol bifite ingaruka zikomeye ku mavuta ya rapeseed ugereranije n’ibikomoka ku mababi ya Ginkgo byabonetse hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bwo gutegura. Ubushobozi bwa antioxidant bw’ibikomoka ku mababi ya Ginkgo bwari hejuru gato y’ubw’ibikomoka kuri ginkgo bitunganyijwe. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’ibikomoka kuri ginkgo. Ibi bikomoka kuri ginkgo bikubiyemo ibindi bintu birwanya antioxidant, nka aside organic, aside amine, tannins, alkaloids, n’ibindi bintu bifite ingaruka nziza ku bufatanye.

Uburyo bwo gutegura

(1) Uburyo bwo gukuramo ibiribwa bikomoka ku bimera Muri iki gihe, uburyo bukoreshwa cyane mu gihugu no mu mahanga ni uburyo bwo gukuramo ibiribwa bikomoka ku bimera. Kubera ko ibindi bintu bikomoka ku bimera ari uburozi cyangwa bihindagurika, ethanol muri rusange ikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo gukuramo flavonoids mu mababi ya ginkgo. Igerageza ryakozwe na Zhang Yonghong n'abandi ryagaragaje ko ibintu byiza byo gukuramo flavonoids mu mababi ya ginkgo ari 70% bya ethanol nk'umuti wo gukuramo, ubushyuhe bwo gukuramo ni 90°C, igipimo cy'amazi akomeye ni 1:20, umubare w'ibikomokamo ni inshuro 3, kandi buri gihe bisubiramo amasaha 1.5.

(2) Uburyo bwo gukuramo enzymes mu bushakashatsi bwa Wang Hui n'abandi bwagaragaje ko umusaruro wa flavonoids zose wiyongereye cyane nyuma y'uko ibikoresho fatizo by'amababi ya ginkgo byabanje kuvurwa na cellulase no gukurwamo, kandi umusaruro ushobora kugera kuri 2.01%.

(3) Uburyo bwo gukuramo icyuma gikoresheje ikoranabuhanga Nyuma yo kuvura amababi ya ginkgo hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, uturemangingo tuba twaracitse, kandi urujya n'uruza rw'uturemangingo tw'amababi rwihutishwa, ibyo bikaba bituma ibintu bikora bishonga. Kubwibyo, gukuramo flavonoids hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bifite inyungu nyinshi. Ibisubizo by'igerageza byabonetse na Liu Jingzhi n'abandi bigaragaza ko imiterere y'imikorere yo gukuramo icyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga ari: inshuro za ultrasound 40kHz, igihe cyo kuvurwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga iminota 55, ubushyuhe 35°C, no guhagarara amasaha 3. Muri iki gihe, igipimo cyo gukuramo ni 81.9%.

Porogaramu

Flavonoide ziri mu mababi ya Ginkgo zifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya indwara kandi zishobora kongerwa mu mavuta no mu mafunguro nka antioxydants. Flavonoide zose ni umuhondo kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga mu buryo bunini, haba mu mazi no mu mavuta, bityo flavonoide zose zishobora gukoreshwa mu gusiga irangi. Ginkgo biloba itunganywa mu ifu nziza cyane hanyuma yongerwa mu biribwa. Amababi ya Ginkgo asya neza cyane hanyuma yongerwa mu migati, ibisuguti, noodles, bombo, na ice cream ku kigero cya 5% kugeza 10% kugira ngo bitunganywe mu biribwa bya ginkgo bifite ingaruka ku buzima.
Igihingwa cya Ginkgo gikoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro mu biribwa muri Kanada kandi cyemejwe nk'umuti ugurishwa mu Budage no mu Bufaransa. Igihingwa cya Ginkgo kiri muri Pharmacopoeia yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (icapiro rya 24) kandi gishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro mu biribwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ingaruka z'imiti

1. Ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutima n'imitsi
(1) Ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgo gishobora kubuza imikorere ya enzyme ihindura angiotensin (ACE) mu maraso y’umuntu, bityo kikabuza imitsi ya arterioles kwifata, kwagura imiyoboro y’amaraso no kongera amaraso atembera.
(2) Ifu ya Ginkgo ishobora gukumira kugabanuka k'umutima mu mbeba z'ingabo bitewe no guterwa bupivacaine mu mitsi, ikabuza imitsi y'umutima kugabanuka mu bantu no mu ngurube bitewe no kubura umwuka uhagije, kandi ikavanaho PAF (platelet-activating factor) itera arrhythmia mu mbwa. Ishobora gukumira imikorere mibi y'umutima iterwa n'allergie y'umutima mu ngurube zo mu bwoko bwa Guinea.
(3) Ifu ya Ginkgo mu mababi ishobora kwagura cyane imiyoboro y'amaraso yo mu bwonko y'injangwe n'imbwa zatewe ikinya, yongera amaraso yo mu bwonko, kandi ikagabanya ubudahangarwa bw'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Ifu ya Ginkgo mu mababi ishobora gukumira ubwiyongere bw'umurambararo wa mesenteric microvascular uterwa na endotoxin yo mu mitsi. Mu buryo bwa endotoxin y'imbwa, ifu ya Ginkgo biloba ibuza impinduka mu maraso; mu buryo bwa endotoxin y'intama mu bihaha, ifu ya Ginkgo biloba ibuza umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso no kubyimba kw'ibihaha biterwa n'indwara y'imitsi iterwa na endotoxin.
(4) Imbeba zaterwaga 5ml/kg ya flavonoids ya ginkgo leaf buri munsi mu nda y'umura. Nyuma y'iminsi 40, ingano ya triglyceride mu maraso yaragabanutse cyane. Igipimo cya Ginkgo biloba (20 mg/kg ku munsi) cyatanzwe mu kanwa ku nkwavu zahabwaga indyo isanzwe kandi ifite cholesterol nyinshi. Nyuma y'ukwezi kumwe, urugero rwa cholesterol nyinshi mu maraso no mu miyoboro y'amaraso y'inkwavu zakiraga indyo idatera atherogenic rwaragabanutse cyane. Ariko urugero rwa cholesterol y'ubuntu ntirwahindutse.
(5) Ginkgo terpene lactone ni umuti wihariye wo gukumira PAF receptor. Ginkgo leaf extract cyangwa ginkgo terpene lactone bishobora gukumira platelet-activating factor (PAF) na cyclooxygenase cyangwa lipoxygenase. Ginkgo leaf extract yihanganishijwe neza kandi yarwanyaga platelet aggregation yatewe na PAF ariko ntabwo yagize ingaruka ku guterana kwa ADP.

2. Ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko bwo hagati
(1) Ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgo kigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’imisemburo y’umubiri ndetse n’imikoranire iri hagati y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri n’imitsi yo hagati mu kubuza PAF gukora. Kishobora guteza imbere uburyo ubwonko butembera neza kandi kikanoza imikorere y’ubwonko.
(2) Ginkgo terpene lactones igira ingaruka ku ndwara yo kwiyangiza, kandi ingaruka zayo ku ndwara yo kwiyangiza zifitanye isano n’uburyo bwo hagati bw’imitsi bwo mu mutwe bwa monoaminergic.
(3) Uretse kuba ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgo gishobora kongera cyane ikibazo cyo kudakora neza k'ubwonko giterwa na NaNO2, ingaruka zacyo zo kurwanya hypoxia zishobora kuba zifitanye isano no kwiyongera kw'amaraso yo mu bwonko no kunoza imikorere y'ingufu z'ubwonko mu gihe cy'ibura ry'amaraso.
(4) Igicuruzwa cya Ginkgo gifasha cyane mu kuvura indwara z’ubwonko za gerbils ziterwa no kwihambira no gusubirana kw’imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa carotid, kandi kikarinda kwangirika k’ubwonko kwa gerbils ziterwa no kubura amaraso no kuziba kw’imitsi; gikomeza imikorere y’imbwa nyuma yo kubura amaraso mu bwonko bwa multi-focal Gukira vuba kw’imitsi no kugabanya kwangirika kw’imitsi nyuma yo kubura amaraso mu hippocampus y’ubwonko bwa gerbils; bigabanya cyane gutakaza ATP, AMP, creatine na creatine phosphate mu bwonko bwa ischemic bw’imbwa ya mongrel. Ginkgo biloba lactone B ni ingirakamaro mu kuvura indwara ya stroke.

3. Ingaruka ku buryo bw'igogora
(1) Ifu ya Ginkgo ishobora kugabanya cyane ibisebe byo mu gifu no mu mara mu mbeba ziterwa na PAF na endotoxin, kandi ishobora kugabanya igice cy’ibyangiritse mu gifu biterwa na ethanol.
(2) Ku mbeba zifite indwara y’umwijima iterwa no gufunga imiyoboro y’amaraso, gutera ginkgo leaf extract mu mitsi byagabanyije cyane umuvuduko w’imitsi y’umwijima, igipimo cy’umutima, urujya n’uruza rw’amaraso mu mitsi y’amaraso, no kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira indwara z’umwijima ugereranije na placebo. Ibi bigaragaza ko ginkgo leaf extract ifite ingaruka nziza ku ndwara y’umwijima. Ishobora kubuza ikorwa rya radicals zidafite ogisijeni mu ndwara y’umwijima iterwa na cholecystokinin. Ginkgo terpene lactone B ishobora kugira uruhare mu kuvura pancreatitis ikabije.

4. Ingaruka ku buryo bw'ubuhumekero
(1) Ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgo biloba gifite ingaruka nziza ku mitsi yoroshye yo mu gifu kandi gishobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi za histamine phosphate na acetylcholine ku gifu cyakuwemo cy’ingurube zo mu gifu, no gukumira indwara ya asima iterwa na histamine mu ngurube zo mu gifu.
(2) Gutera umuti wa Ginkgo mu mitsi bishobora kubuza imbeba kugira uburyaryate n'ubwinshi bw'ibinure biterwa na PAF na ovalbumin, no gukumira ubwinshi bw'ibinure biterwa na antigens, ariko ntibigira ingaruka ku bwinshi bw'ibinure biterwa na indomethacin.
(3) Guhumeka ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgo cyakoreshejwe mu mwuka ntibibuza gusa ko bronchoconstriction ahubwo binabuza kugabanuka kw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso umweru na eosinophils biterwa na PAF. Ikinyabutabire cya Ginkgo gifite akamaro kanini mu kugabanya no kuvura indwara yo mu bwonko.

5. Ingaruka zo kurwanya gusaza
Ginkgobiflavonoids, isoginkgobiflavonoids, ginkgo biloba, na quercetin mu mababi ya ginkgo byose bibuza peroxidation y'ibinure, cyane cyane ko quercetin ifite imbaraga zikomeye zo gukumira. Igerageza ryakozwe ku mbeba kandi byagaragaye ko flavonoids ya ginkgo leaf total (0.95mg/ml) yakuwe mu mazi ishobora kugabanya cyane peroxidation y'ibinure, naho flavonoids ya ginkgo leaf total (1.9mg/ml) ishobora kongera imikorere ya SOD y'umuringa na zinc mu maraso no kugabanya ingaruka z'amaraso mu gihe igabanya imikorere ya SGPT.

7. Uruhare mu kwanga gutera abandi mu mubiri no mu zindi ngaruka z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
Ifu ya Ginkgo mu mababi ishobora kongera igihe cyo kubaho kw'udusimba tw'uruhu, uturemangingo tw'umutima twa heterotopic, na xenograft y'umwijima. Ifu ya Ginkgo mu mababi ishobora kubuza umubiri gukora neza kw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri turwanya uturemangingo twa KC526, kandi ishobora no gukumira imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'umubiri duterwa na interferon.

8. Ingaruka zo kurwanya ikibyimba
Ifu y'ibibabi by'icyatsi kibisi bya Ginkgo biloba, igice gishonga mu mavuta, ishobora gukumira virusi ya Epstein-Barr. Aside ya Heptadecene salicylic na bilo-betin bifite imikorere ikomeye yo gukumira; flavonoids zose za Ginkgo zishobora kongera uburemere bwa thymus ku mbeba zifite ikibyimba. hamwe n'urwego rw'imikorere ya SOD, bigatuma umubiri ugira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ikibyimba; quercetin na myricetin bishobora gukumira ikwirakwira rya kanseri.

Inyandiko n'ibibujijwe

Ingaruka mbi z'igihingwa cya Ginkgo leaf: Hari igihe umuntu yumva amerewe nabi mu gifu, nko kubura ubushake bwo kurya, isesemi, kuribwa mu nda, kwituma mu myanya ndangagitsina, kubyimba inda, nibindi; hashobora no kwiyongera k'umutima, umunaniro, nibindi, ariko ibi ntibigira ingaruka ku buvuzi. Nyuma yo kunywa mu kanwa igihe kirekire, ibimenyetso by'amaraso bigomba gusuzumwa buri gihe. Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'igifu, ushobora kubifata nyuma yo kurya.

Ikoreshwa ry'ibiyobyabwenge

Uyu muti ugira ingaruka nziza iyo ukoreshejwe hamwe n'indi miti igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso, nka sodium alginate diester, acetate, n'ibindi, bishobora kongera imikorere.

Icyerekezo cy'iterambere

Amababi ya Ginkgo arimo ingano nto ya proanthocyanidins na aside urushiolic, biracyari uburozi ku mubiri w'umuntu. Iyo ginkgo isiga nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo gutunganya ibiryo, hakenewe uburyo bwihariye bwo kugabanya ingano ya proanthocyanidins na aside urushiolic. Ariko, mu rugero rukoreshwa ubu, nta burozi bukabije cyangwa budakira kandi nta ngaruka zo gutera. Minisiteri y'Ubuzima yemeje ingano ya Ginkgo biloba nk'inyongeramusaruro nshya mu biryo mu 1992. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, flavonoids zose za Ginkgo biloba zakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda z'ibiribwa, kandi ubushakashatsi n'iterambere rya Ginkgo biloba bifite amahirwe menshi.